楼主你好！首先是翻译：
Another task for the Glomar Challenger's scientists was to try to determine the origin of the domelike masses buried deep beneath the Mediterranean seafloor.
对于“格洛玛挑战者”号钻探船上的科研人员而言，另一个任务就是找出深埋在地中海海底之下的丘状物质的来源。
These structures had been detected years earlier by echo-sounding instruments, but they had never been penetrated in the course of drilling.
这些物质和结构在早些时候已经被超声波回声接收装置探测到，但从未真正被钻头挖出来过（只是通过间接方式知道其存在，还没有具体开采出来进行研究。）
Were they salt domes such as are common along the United States Gulf Coast, and if so, why should there have been so much solid crystalline salt beneath the floor of the Mediterranean?
它们真是那种在美国墨西哥湾岸区很常见的盐丘吗？如果是，那为什么远在地中海的海床之下却有如此大量的固态结晶盐呢？
最后一句的结构分析：
前半句：
Were they salt domes such as are common along the United States Gulf Coast,
这是一个省略结构，在such as后面省略了those that. 这种同时省略名词和从句先行词的情况在as后面比较常见，比如：
Luke, as is considered one of the smartest boys in our class,。
整句话写全是Luke, as the student who is considered one of the smartest boys in our class,。
同样省略了名词（the student）和先行词（who）.
原句可以这样分析：as相当于that引导定语从句，such就是salt domes的同位语，相当于名词，这样就是标准的定语从句。
后半句：
why should there have been so much solid crystalline salt beneath the floor of the Mediterranean?
这里用了完成时，表示在科研人员关注这种物质前它就已经存在了。
有问题欢迎追问，满意的话请采纳，谢谢！
2. 难入眠英文怎么写就字面翻译难入眠是：Have difficulty in going to sleep / falling asleep.
例句：I have difficulty in going to sleep.Perhaps I should take some medicine.
如果亲想表达的是失眠，可以直接用insomnia.
例句：She is suffering from insomnia due to overwork.
她现在失眠是因为她劳累过度造成的。【P.S：劳累过度和紧张神马的都会造成失眠什么的。。。- -那失恋呢？>///
3. 复杂用英语怎么写complex
KK: []
DJ: []
a.
1. 复杂的，错综复杂的；难懂的
It was a complex problem.
这是一个复杂的问题。
2. 由各种部分所构成的，复合的，合成的
3. 【语】复合的
n.[C]
1. 复合物，综合体
A petrochemical complex is to be built here.
这儿将建造一个石油化学联合企业。
2. 集团；综合设施
3. 【心】情结，情丝[（+about）]
She has a complex about rats.
她对老鼠有病态恐惧。
4. 【语】复句
